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Changes in bulk soil affect the disease-suppressive rhizosphere microbiome against Fusarium wilt disease

Lin FU, Wu XIONG, Francisco DINI-ANDREOTE, Beibei WANG, Chengyuan TAO, Yunze RUAN, Zongzhuan SHEN, Rong LI, Qirong SHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第3期   页码 307-316 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020328

摘要：

Harnessing disease-suppressive microbiomes constitutes a promising strategy for optimizing plant growth. However, relatively little information is available about the relationship between bulk and rhizosphere soil microbiomes. Here, the assembly of banana bulk soil and rhizosphere microbiomes was investigated in a monoculture system consisting of bio-organic (BIO) and organic management practices. Applying BIO practice in newly reclaimed fields resulted in a high-efficiency biocontrol rate, thus providing a promising strategy for pre-control of Fusarium wilt disease. The soil microbiota was further characterized by MiSeq sequencing and quantitative PCR. The results indicate that disease suppression was mediated by the structure of a suppressive rhizosphere microbiome with respect to distinct community composition, diversity and abundance. Overall microbiome suppressiveness was primarily related to a particular set of enriched bacterial taxa affiliated with s, , , , and . Finally, structural equation modeling was used to show that the changes in bulk soil bacterial community determined its induced rhizosphere bacterial community, which serves as an important and direct factor in restraining the pathogen. Collectively, this study provides an integrative approach to disentangle the biological basis of disease-suppressive microbiomes in the context of agricultural practice and soil management.

关键词： agricultural practice     bulk soil     disease suppression     rhizosphere ecology    

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大块非晶合金：历史发展和当前研究 Review

Akihisa Inoue

《工程（英文）》 2015年 第1卷 第2期   页码 185-191 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015038

摘要：

通过关注采用传统模型铸造方法合成首批大块非晶合金的触发点，本文论述了大块非晶合金的当前研究进展情况。该综述涵盖大块非晶合金的背景、发现、特点和应用以及近期与其相关的研究主题。由于其性质独特，非晶形成能力高且成本低廉，大块非晶合金 ( 尤其是铁基大块非晶合金) 的应用范围正逐步扩大。在不久的将来，大块非晶合金在工程领域的重要性预计将稳步提高，预期将上述创新型金属材料用于基础科学研究的热度仍将持续。

关键词： 大块非晶合金，模型铸造，金属材料，结构弛豫    

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Region-gridding recycling of bulk organic waste: Emerging views based on coordinated urban and rural

Wenbing Tan, Dongyu Cui, Xiaohui Zhang, Beidou Xi

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1291-4

摘要： Abstract Bulk organic waste (BOW) has a large output in China. The improper disposal of BOW will not only bring serious environmental pollution, but also cause waste of biomass resources. The viewpoint proposes a region-gridding recycling management system of BOW that highlights the coordinated development of environmental, agricultural and energy elements in urban and rural areas. The viewpoint aims to drive the upstream and downstream industrial chains of BOW treatments, avoid the repeated construction of resource facilities, guide the upgrading of resource-based technologies, promote the professionalization of farmers, and thus built the high-quality modern agricultural recycling industrial park based on system management.

关键词： Bulk organic waste     Recycling     Urban-rural coordination     Management system    

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Synthesis and bulk polymerization kinetics of monomer dehydroabietic acid-(2-acryloyloxy-ethoxy)-ethyl

Haibo ZHANG,Yanping YANG,He LIU,Jie SONG,Shibin SHANG,Zhanqian SONG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第1期   页码 97-105 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016115

摘要： A bulk polymerization monomer dehydro- abietic acid-(2-acryloyloxy-ethoxy)-ethyl ester (DHA-DG-AC) was synthesized from dehydroabietic acid (DHA). The chemical structure of DHA-DG-AC was characterized by H NMR, C NMR, MS and FT-IR. The kinetics of the bulk polymerization of DHA-DG-AC was investigated by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). Two kinds of kinetic model (nth-order model and autocatalytic model) were used to investigate the polymerization process. The results showed that the experimental DSC curves were consistent with the computational data generated by the autocatalytic kinetic model, and the value of was 95.73 kJ·mol .

关键词： dehydroabietic acid     bulk polymerization     kinetics     autocatalytic kinetic model    

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用于微电子机械系统封装的体硅键合技术和薄膜密封技术

王渭源,王跃林

《中国工程科学》 2002年 第4卷 第6期   页码 56-62

摘要：

对静电键合、体硅直接键合和界面层辅助键合等三种体硅键合技术，整片操作、局部操作和选择保护等三种密封技术，以及这些技术用于微电子机械系统的密封作了评述，强调在器件研究开始时应考虑封装问题，具体技术则应在保证器件功能和尽量减少芯片复杂性两者之间权衡决定。

关键词： 体硅键合技术     薄膜密封技术     微电子机械系统封装技术    

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基于动力学的大块金属玻璃形成能力研究

蔡安辉,潘冶,孙国雄,阮许平

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第1期   页码 68-73

摘要：

快速判定大块金属玻璃（BMG）的玻璃形成能力（GFA）是开发新型BMG的关键。基于加和性原则，用动力学理论解释了约化玻璃转变温度Trg作为合金玻璃形成能力的可行性和局限性，为制备非晶合金提供了理论依据，合金能形成BMG的最低Trg为0.4066，同时找到了玻璃形成能力最佳的两个理论约化玻璃温度，即 Trg=1和Trg=0；提出了判定GFA大小及其稳定性的两个新的参量摩尔熔化热ΔHmg和稳定性CPS，并用它计算了BMG合金系的GFA大小及其稳定性，BMG的GFA大小顺序与井上明久（Inoue）的排列顺序吻合较好。同时，按照BMG合金Zmax和Rc的平均变化对其进行了检验，两者均吻合很好。ΔHmg的大小是一种快速评价BMG的GFA能力及其稳定性的好方法。

关键词： 动力学     大块金属玻璃     玻璃形成能力     加和原则     稳定性    

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Fluorene-based narrow-band-gap copolymers for red light-emitting diodes and bulk heterojunction photovoltaic

SUN Mingliang, WANG Li, XIA Yangjun, DU Bin, LIU Ransheng, CAO Yong

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 257-264 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0052-x

摘要： A series of narrow band-gap conjugated copolymers (PFO-DDQ) derived from 9,9-dioctylfluorene (DOF) and 2,3-dimethyl-5,8-dithien-2-yl-quinoxalines (DDQ) is prepared by the palladium-catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction with the molar feed ratio of DDQ at around 1%, 5%, 15%, 30% and 50%, respectively. The obtained polymers are readily soluble in common organic solvents. The solutions and the thin solid films of the copolymers absorb light from 300–590 nm with two absorbance peaks at around 380 and 490 nm. The intensity of 490 nm peak increases with the increasing DDQ content in the polymers. Efficient energy transfer due to exciton trapping on narrow-band-gap DDQ sites has been observed. The PL emission consists exclusively of DDQ unit emission at around 591–643 nm depending on the DDQ content in solid film. The EL emission peaks are red-shifted from 580 nm for PFO-DDQ1 to 635 nm for PFO-DDQ50. The highest external quantum efficiency achieved with the device configuration ITO/PEDOT/PVK/PFO-DDQ15/Ba/Al is 1.33% with a luminous efficiency 1.54 cd/A. Bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells fabricated from composite films of PFO-DDQ30 copolymer and [6,6]-phenyl C butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as electron donor and electron acceptor, respectively in device configuration: ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PFO-DDQ30:PCBM/PFPNBr/Al shows power conversion efficiencies of 1.18% with open-circuit voltage () of 0.90 V and short-circuit current density () of 2.66 mA/cm under an AM1.5 solar simulator (100 mW/cm). The photocurrent response wavelengths of the PVCs based on PFO-DDQ30/PCBM blends covers 300–700 nm. This indicates that these kinds of low band-gap polymers are promising candidates for polymeric solar cells and red light-emitting diodes.

关键词： simulator     Efficient     band-gap     PFO-DDQ50     intensity    

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Carbon dioxide: a renewable feedstock for the synthesis of fine and bulk chemicals

Yogesh P. PATIL, Pawan J. TAMBADE, Sachin R. JAGTAP, Bhalchandra M. BHANAGE,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 213-235 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0227-0

摘要： The syntheses of carbon dioxide (CO) based industrially important chemicals have gained considerable interest in view of the sustainable chemistry and “green chemistry” concepts. In this review, recent developments in the chemical fixation of CO to valuable chemicals are discussed. The synthesis of five-member cyclic carbonates , cycloaddition of CO to epoxides is one of the promising reactions replacing the existing poisonous phosgene-based synthetic route. This review focuses on the synthesis of cyclic carbonates, vinyl carbamates, and quinazoline-2,4(1,3)-diones reaction of CO and epoxide, amines/phenyl acetylene, 2-aminobenzinitrile and other chemicals. Direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate, 1,3-disubstituted urea and 2-oxazolidinones/2-imidazolidinones have limitations at present because of the reaction equilibrium and chemical inertness of CO. The preferred alternatives for their synthesis like transesterification of ethylene carbonate with methanol, transamination of ethylene carbonate with primary amine and transamination reaction of ethylene carbonate with diamines/-aminoalcohols are discussed. These methodologies offer marked improvements for greener chemical fixation of CO in to industrially important chemicals.

关键词： inertness     CO     phosgene-based synthetic     quinazoline-2     4     equilibrium    

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Application of Ice Pigging in a Drinking Water Distribution System: Impacts on Pipes and Bulk Water Quality

Yujing Huang,Zhiwei Chen,Guilin He,Yu Shao,Shuang Song,Feilong Dong,Tuqiao Zhang,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.09.016

摘要： Ice pigging is an emerging technique for pipe cleaning in drinking water distribution systems. However, substantial confusion and controversy exist on the potential impacts of ice pigging on bulk water quality. This study monitored the microstructural features and composition of sediments and microbial community structures in bulk water in eight multimaterial Chinese networks. Chloride concentration analysis demonstrated that separate cleaning of pipes with different materials in complex networks could mitigate the risk of losing ice pigs and degrading water quality. The microstructural and trace element characterization results showed that ice pigs would scarcely disturb the inner surfaces of long-used pipes. The bacterial richness and diversity of bulk water decreased significantly after ice pigging. Furthermore, correlations were established between pipe service age, temperature, total iron and chloride concentrations, and the 15 most abundant taxa in bulk water, which could be used to guide practical ice pigging operations.

关键词： Ice pigging     Pipe cleaning     Drinking water distribution system     Bacterial community     Sediments    

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Zr66Al9Cu16Ni9块体非晶合金制备工艺研究

阮许平,阮宏伟

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第5期   页码 76-78

摘要：

运用真空电弧炉熔炼合金制备试样，采用三种不同的方法对金属熔体进行处理，试样的X射线衍射晶化相分析结果表明，B2O3和Na2SiO3的混合物与所选组分的熔体发生了反应，不适合作Zr基合金的包裹物；组分为CaF2(45%)，AlF3(50%)，CaO(5%)以及微量的TiO2的氟盐，由于该净化剂与所选的组分发生了反应，不适合Zr基合金的净化；设备的高真空度、原材料成分的高纯度是促进合金形成非晶态的重要因素。

关键词： 块体非晶合金     制备工艺     玻璃     熔盐     真空度    

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Assessment of glass fiber-reinforced polyester pipe powder in soil improvement

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 742-753 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0732-x

摘要： This study investigates the use of glass fiber-reinforced polyester (GRP) pipe powder (PP) for improving the bearing capacity of sandy soils. After a series of direct share tests, the optimum PP addition for improving the bearing capacity of soils was found to be 12%. Then, using the optimum PP addition, the bearing capacity of the soil was estimated through a series of loading tests on a shallow foundation model placed in a test box. The bearing capacity of sandy soil was improved by up to 30.7%. The ratio of the depth of the PP-reinforced soil to the diameter of the foundation model (H/D) of 1.25 could sufficiently strengthen sandy soil when the optimum PP ratio was used. Microstructural analyses showed that the increase in the bearing capacity can be attributed to the chopped fibers in the PP and their multiaxial distribution in the soil. Besides improving the engineering properties of soils, using PP as an additive in soils would reduce the accumulation of the industrial waste, thus providing a twofold benefit.

关键词： shallow foundation     sandy soil     bearing capacity     soil improvement     pipe powder    

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Electromagnetic induction mapping at varied soil moisture reveals field-scale soil textural patterns

Hiruy ABDU, David A. ROBINSON, Janis BOETTINGER, Scott B. JONES

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第2期   页码 135-145 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017143

摘要： Knowledge of the spatial distribution of soil textural properties is important for determining soil moisture storage and soil hydraulic transport properties. Capturing field heterogeneity without exhaustive sampling and costly sample analysis is difficult. Our objective was to employ electromagnetic induction (EMI) mapping in low apparent electrical conductivity (EC ) soils at varying soil water contents to capture time invariant properties such as soil texture. Georeferenced EC measurements were taken using a ground conductivity meter on six different days where volumetric water content ( ) varied from 0.11 to 0.23. The 50 m × 50 m field included a subsurface gravelly patch in an otherwise homogeneous silt-loam alluvial soil. Ordinary block kriging predicted EC at unsampled areas to produce 1-m resolution maps. Temporal stability analysis was used to divide the field into three distinct EC regions. Subsequent ground-truthing confirmed the lowest conductivity region correlated with coarse textured soil parent materials associated with a former high-energy alluvial depositional area. Combining maps using temporal stability analysis gives the clearest image of the textural difference. These maps could be informative for modeling, experimental design, sensor placement and targeted zone management strategies in soil science, ecology, hydrology, and agricultural applications.

关键词： soil electrical conductivity     soil texture mapping     temporal stability analysis    

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基于云计算的自适应可调节GPS轨迹地图匹配策略 Article

Aftab Ahmed CHANDIO,Nikos TZIRITAS,Fan ZHANG,Ling YIN,Cheng-Zhong XU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第17卷 第12期   页码 1305-1319 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1600027

摘要： 智慧城市为智能交通管理和交通网络智能应用的发展提供了巨大推动力。近来，智能交通系统（Intelligent transportation systems, ITSs）和移动位置服务（Location-based services, LBSs）也成为了研究领域的热点。交通领域数据量在快速不断增长，云计算在巨量数据的存储、接入、管理和处理方面有着巨大作用。交通领域相当比例的数据为GPS数据，此类数据具有非频繁、含噪声等特性，这使得维护基于GPS的实时交通软件的服务质量较为困难。在诸多智能交通系统应用中，地图匹配处理起着将GPS观测点准确排列于路网中的关键作用。考虑到准确性时，地图匹配策略的性能由两个连续的GPS观测点间的最短路径决定；另一方面，处理最短路径查询（Processing shortest path queries, SPQs）耗费着较高计算量。现有的地图匹配技术采用固定参数（固定的候选点数量，固定的误差圆半径）的办法，这可能导致确认线路分段时产生不确定性，也可导致低精度结果（或需进行大量SPQ处理以保证精度）。此外，由于采样错误的存在，较高采样时间（大于10 s）内的GPS数据常含有冗余数据，这也导致需要额外的SPQ处理。由于SPQ处理导致的高运算量问题，现有的地图匹配策略并不能实现实时应用。在本文中，我们提出一种实时地图匹配方法（Real-time map-matching, RT-MM）。该方法以云计算为基础，是一种全自适应地图匹配策略，能够应对实时GPS轨迹地图匹配中SPQ处理的关键问题。本研究还通过基于虚拟数据和实际数据的仿真，对所述方法与现有方法的性能进行了比较。

关键词： 地图匹配，GPS轨迹，可调节，云计算，块同步并行计算（Bulk synchronous parallel     BSP）    

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SOIL CARBON CHECK: A TOOL FOR MONITORING AND GUIDING SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN FARMER FIELDS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 248-261 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023499

摘要：

● Establishment of a rapid tool for monitoring soil carbon sequestration in farmer fields.

关键词： 4 per 1000 initiative     carbon sequestration     climate action     farmer fields     SDG13     soil organic carbon     soil testing    

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Adsorption behavior of antibiotic in soil environment: a critical review

Shiliang WANG,Hui WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 565-574 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0801-2

摘要： Antibiotics are used widely in human and veterinary medicine, and are ubiquitous in environment matrices worldwide. Due to their consumption, excretion, and persistence, antibiotics are disseminated mostly via direct and indirect emissions such as excrements, sewage irrigation, and sludge compost and enter the soil and impact negatively the natural ecosystem of soil. Most antibiotics are amphiphilic or amphoteric and ionize. A non-polar core combined with polar functional moieties makes up numerous antibiotic molecules. Because of various molecule structures, physicochemical properties vary widely among antibiotic compounds. Sorption is an important process for the environment behaviors and fate of antibiotics in soil environment. The adsorption process has decisive role for the environmental behaviors and the ultimate fates of antibiotics in soil. Multiply physicochemical properties of antibiotics induce the large variations of their adsorption behaviors. In addition, factors of soil environment such as the pH, ionic strength, metal ions, and organic matter content also strongly impact the adsorption processes of antibiotics. Review about adsorption of antibiotics on soil can provide a fresh insight into understanding the antibiotic-soil interactions. Therefore, literatures about the adsorption mechanisms of antibiotics in soil environment and the effects of environment factors on adsorption behaviors of antibiotics in soil are reviewed and discussed systematically in this review.

关键词： adsorption     antibiotics     environment factors     soil    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Changes in bulk soil affect the disease-suppressive rhizosphere microbiome against Fusarium wilt disease

Lin FU, Wu XIONG, Francisco DINI-ANDREOTE, Beibei WANG, Chengyuan TAO, Yunze RUAN, Zongzhuan SHEN, Rong LI, Qirong SHEN

期刊论文

大块非晶合金：历史发展和当前研究

Akihisa Inoue

期刊论文

Region-gridding recycling of bulk organic waste: Emerging views based on coordinated urban and rural

Wenbing Tan, Dongyu Cui, Xiaohui Zhang, Beidou Xi

期刊论文

Synthesis and bulk polymerization kinetics of monomer dehydroabietic acid-(2-acryloyloxy-ethoxy)-ethyl

Haibo ZHANG,Yanping YANG,He LIU,Jie SONG,Shibin SHANG,Zhanqian SONG

期刊论文

用于微电子机械系统封装的体硅键合技术和薄膜密封技术

王渭源,王跃林

期刊论文

基于动力学的大块金属玻璃形成能力研究

蔡安辉,潘冶,孙国雄,阮许平

期刊论文

Fluorene-based narrow-band-gap copolymers for red light-emitting diodes and bulk heterojunction photovoltaic

SUN Mingliang, WANG Li, XIA Yangjun, DU Bin, LIU Ransheng, CAO Yong

期刊论文

Carbon dioxide: a renewable feedstock for the synthesis of fine and bulk chemicals

Yogesh P. PATIL, Pawan J. TAMBADE, Sachin R. JAGTAP, Bhalchandra M. BHANAGE,

期刊论文

Application of Ice Pigging in a Drinking Water Distribution System: Impacts on Pipes and Bulk Water Quality

Yujing Huang,Zhiwei Chen,Guilin He,Yu Shao,Shuang Song,Feilong Dong,Tuqiao Zhang,

期刊论文

Zr66Al9Cu16Ni9块体非晶合金制备工艺研究

阮许平,阮宏伟

期刊论文

Assessment of glass fiber-reinforced polyester pipe powder in soil improvement

期刊论文

Electromagnetic induction mapping at varied soil moisture reveals field-scale soil textural patterns

Hiruy ABDU, David A. ROBINSON, Janis BOETTINGER, Scott B. JONES

期刊论文

基于云计算的自适应可调节GPS轨迹地图匹配策略

Aftab Ahmed CHANDIO,Nikos TZIRITAS,Fan ZHANG,Ling YIN,Cheng-Zhong XU

期刊论文

SOIL CARBON CHECK: A TOOL FOR MONITORING AND GUIDING SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN FARMER FIELDS

期刊论文

Adsorption behavior of antibiotic in soil environment: a critical review

Shiliang WANG,Hui WANG

期刊论文